Radio tube insulation



May 4, 1948. A. B INNEWEG, JR

RADIO TUBE INSULATION Filed Aug. 15, 1944 ZINVEINTOR P15. Is:

Patented May 4, 1948 UNITEDQSTATEVS- PATENT osrlce Abraham Binneweg, Jr., Oakland, Calif. Application August 15, 1944, Serial No. 549,539

The present invention relates to radio tubes of the ultra-high-frequency type. The'receptacle consists of metal and dielectric materials joined together. The elements have short leads, and are simple, the anode being part of the receptacle of the tube.

One object is to provide an anode easily cooled and easily connected since one of its sides is exposed. The usual tube, glass enclosed, has leads passing through the glass Walls. This tube consists partly of metal and partly of dielectric material, such as porcelain. The volume of the tube is small and the construction such that the total element inductance is quite low. Bunching of leads is avoided to reduce inter-lead losses, and radial arrangement is preferred. Circular grooves between elements in the insulation permit the application of higher voltages to the tube. The tubes are simple and easily assembled.

Some of the elements are flat, others are oylintive view of a second modification. Fig. V is a perspective view of a, flat grid. Fig. VI is a perspective ofthe cathode. Fig. vVII is a vertical section of a modification of Fig. IV. Fig. VIII is a perspective of a cylindrical grid as used in the modification shown in Fig. III.

The anode I is a flat plate or cupped cylinder of metal with its lower edge cemented in a circular groove in the porcelain block 2 or cemented to the top of theblock. It forms the cover of the envelope. Cathode 3 is supported near the base of the tube by heavy leads 1. A flat, circular, perforated grid 4, horizontally supported at its edge by a lateral groove in the block 2, lies above the horizontally disposed cathode 3. A second grid 5 similar in shape to the anode I, but of lesser height and diameter, has its lower edge resting in a groove of block 2. There could be two flat grids like 4.

A groove 6 if used in the upper surface of block 2 encircles the anode cap I and a short channel l3 if used serves to drain oif the water sprayed upon cap I and collected in the circular groove 6, after its cooling effect upon the anode l.

Other deep circular grooves 8 in the upper surface of block 2, between the electrodes, serve to 12 Claims. (cl. 250-275) increase the insulation between them. A base plate .9, aliixed by cement and bolts M to the block 2, serves as an airtight closure below for the envelope. .Holes l5 serve for screw attachment of the tube to a bench or cabinet. Base plate 9 could be of metal, the element leads then passing out the sides through the insulation.

Fig. III represents a modified form of the device in which it is a small tube for exhausting the envelope of air, I! a cylindrical anode, I8 a cylindrical wire-grid, It a cylindrical cathode vertically arranged, 26 cathode leads, H the grid lead, 22- the drainage groove if used, and 23 the porcelain base.

Fig. IV shows a second modification having a dielectric blockil, an anode cap 25, above, and an anode cup 26 below. Fig. VIII, the same tube in section, shows the two anodes Z5, 25, grids 21 and 28, cathode 2'9, and a lower grid 30.

In the tube of Fig. I and also in themodified,

forms the elements are sealed in the insulating base. Grid 4 may, of course be dispensed with if desired, as in many circuits the tube would operate with grid 5 alone. Fig. I and adding other cylindrical electrodes below one has a tube similar to the one represented in Fig. VII.

The modification shown in Fig. III shows a taller cylindrical anode,'a wire grid, and a vertical cathode all resting in grooves or depressions in the dielectric base in a similar manner to the arrangement of Figures I and VII. The cathode leads of Figs. I and II are shown radially arranged to lower inductive losses between them.

'For cooling, water may either be drippedor sprayed upon the top of the tube and carried oil by the groove 6 and the channel 13. Both upper and lower electrodes shown in the modification (Fig. VII) are cemented in circular grooves in the same manner as in Fig. I or Fig. III.

The draining grooves may be omitted in small tubes. The illustrations show difierent numbers of electrodes in the different modifications. Obviously still other fewer and greater numbers and arrangements could be devised without departing from the general plan of my invention.

Fig. VII has a dielectric ring 24, two grids 21 and 25 above, and a third grid 30 below, with the cathode 29 between. These grids are cylindrical and all are seated in circular grooves in the ring 24 of dielectric material. Removal of the grids would have the result of converting the tubes into rectifiers.

I claim:

1. A radio tube having an envelope, a flat disc By removing base 9 of' first cap, spaced therefrom and forming the base of said envelope, a dielectric ring upon said disc, and sealed thereto, a horizontal cathode across said dielectric ring, circular grooves in the upper surface of said ring, a cylindrical cap above said ring fitting into one of said grooves, and a radial channel connecting with the outer of said grooves for drainage.

2. A radio tube having a dielectric receptacle, a cathode within said receptacle, retaining grooves in saidreceptacle, grid and anode. elements with edges secured in said grooves, and other grooves between said retaining grooves functioning as insulation grooves.

3. A radio tube having a cup-shaped dielectric receptacle, a cathode athwart said receptacle, a flat grid above said cathode also athwart'said' receptacle, a groove in the upper rim of saidreceptacle, and a cylindrical cap fitting in said groove rendering the tube airtight.

4, A radio tube having an envelope, a flat disk forming the base of said envelope, a dielectric ring upon-said disk and sealed thereto, concentric grooves-on'the upper surface of said ring, a

perforated cylindrical capfitting in 'one of said grooves, a closed cylindrical cap fitting over said also fitting into me of said concentric grooves, and a'third'groove etween the cap holding grooves. '5. A'radio tube having an envelope, a flatdisk forming the base of said envelope, a dielectric ring-upon said disk sealed thereto, a horizontal cathode athwart said dielectricring, leads supporting said cathode, a horizontally arranged groove upon the inner surface of said ring, a flat circular grid with its rim held bysaid groove, two concentric grooveson' the upper surface of said ring, a perforated grid cylindrical -cap fitting in the inner of said grooves, and a metal anode cylindrical cap of'greater height than said grid cap fitting in the outer-of said grooves and closing'tlie tube airtight.

6. A radio tube comprising a heavy dielectric ring, a' disk sealed to the bottom of said ring and forming a closure'therefor, concentric grooves on the upper surface of said ring, a circular anode cap sealed in one of'said grooves a grid'cap sealed in another of said grooves, and cathode'and grid electrodes athwart said ring between said bottom 'diskand said upper caps.

7. A radio tube having a dielectric receptacle, cathode within said receptacle, retaining coves in said receptacle, grid and anode electrodes'with edges secured in said grooves, 'other grooves between said retaining grooves functioning as insulation grooves, and a groove on the rated and serving as grids, a

upper surface of said dielectric receptacle for cooling.

8. A radio tube having an envelope consisting of a dielectric ring, metal caps sealed to the top and the bottom of said ring, the outer of said caps scaling the envelope airtight, and serving as anodes and the inner of said caps being periocathode also within the envelope.

9, Av radio, tube havingan. annular dielectric casing, a disk closing the'bottom of said casing in an air-tight manner, a horizontally disposed cathode athwart said casing, a flat perforated igrid athwart said casing above and spaced from said cathode, a second grid of cylindrical shape above =said'flat grid, forming a cylindrical cap thereabove; and insulated therefrom,

and a cylindrical anode forming a cap over said cylindrical grid-andsealed to said casing to form an air-tight top closure f or the tube.

10. Aradiotube having adielectric envelope, cathode-,m rid' and anode electrodes within and athwart said envelope with edgessupported thereby, jsaiddielectric envelope between the supported andfinsulating; grooves in the wall of edges of said electrodes. 7

11. A radio tube comprising-a heavy dielectric ring, a disk 'sealedto the bottom of said "ring forming a' closure therefor, an-anode cap sealed to the atopof said ring forming an air-tight-upper closure therefor, cathode and grid electrodes athwart said ring, and, deep-insulation grooves in said dielectric ring between said anode cap andsaidgrid electrode. 7

12. A radiotube comprising an annular dielectrio casing, a closure for thebottom oi said casing, a cathode athwart said casing near the-center, a perforated dist: athwart said casing near the top functioning as a -grid, an anode cap forming an air-tight closure for-said casing above, and adeep insulation groove in the wall of said casing between edges of said grrdrand anode elements. I

ABRAHAM BINNEWEG,-JR.

REFERENCES CITED Y The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

Binneweg, J r, Mar. 7;"1944 

